2nd Grade Math
Number and Operations
The student will develop number and operation sense needed to represent numbers and number relationships verbally, symbolically, and graphically and to compute fluently and make reasonable estimates in problem solving.
Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
⎯count a set of objects to 100 using an efficient grouping strategy (e.g., twos, threes, fives, tens) (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/B)
⎯count forward and backward by one from any number less than 999 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯read and write numerals to 999 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯identify the place value of a digit in numbers to 999 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯identify odd and even numbers to 100 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use concrete models or pictures to show whether a fraction is less than 1/2, more than 1/2, or equal to ½ (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/M)
⎯use concrete models or pictures to show whether a fraction is less than 1/3, more than 1/3, or equal to 1/3 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/M)
⎯match the spoken or written word names and concrete or pictorial representations (parts of regions or parts of sets of objects) of halves, thirds, and fourths.
⎯compare the unit fractions 1/2, 1/3, and ¼ (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/M)
⎯determine the value of a collection of coins up to $1.00 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯order and sequence whole numbers less than 1000. (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯compare two numbers using the appropriate symbol (i.e., <, >, and =) (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯represent numbers to 999 in flexible ways using a variety of materials (e.g., 23 as 23 ones, 1 ten and 13 ones, and/or 2 tens and 3 ones) (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use and match numerals to ordinal numbers through twentieth (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯count the value of a set of coins up to one dollar
⎯apply the language of ordinal numbers up to twentieth
⎯use math journals as a means of demonstrating understanding math concepts and terms (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
⎯develop a story problem that illustrates a given addition or subtraction number sentence (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use the number line to demonstrate addition and subtraction (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/IT)
⎯write and identify number sentences that describe situations involving addition and subtraction (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/IT)
⎯write and explain related addition and subtraction sentences (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]I/IT)
Solve problems, compute fluently, and make reasonable estimates
⎯solve story problems involving numbers to 100 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯check for the reasonableness of solutions (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use calculators in problem-solving situations (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯add and subtract efficiently and accurately with single-digit numbers up to sums of 18 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯add and subtract two-digit whole numbers using a variety of strategies and representations (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯explain and justify solution strategies used in problem solving (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use estimation to justify whether the answer to a computation is reasonable (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT)
⎯use the multiplication facts 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 efficiently and accurately (2-M[HM/4,8]I/IT)
Algebra
The student will understand and generalize patterns as they represent and analyze quantitative relationships and change in a variety of contexts and problems using graphs, tables, and equations.
Sort and classify objects by size, number, and other properties
⎯sort objects by two or more attributes (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯identify the rules by which objects or numbers have been sorted (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
Represent and analyze patterns and functions
⎯extend a growing pattern, involving objects, shapes, or numbers (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯identify the unit of a three-part repeating pattern (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯translate a repeating pattern from one format to another (e.g., red-blue-blue to snap-clap-clap) (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯determine the output number for a particular input number given a one-operation rule involving addition or subtraction (2-M[HM/ALL]I/IT)
Use concrete, pictorial, and verbal representations to develop an understanding of the language and symbols of mathematics
⎯interpret and solve open sentences that involve addition or subtraction (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯communicate and use mathematical terms and symbols appropriately (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯show or represent number sentences, involving addition and subtraction and numbers 0-20, with concrete objects (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
⎯use manipulatives to demonstrate addition and subtraction sentences written symbolically involving numbers 0-20
Illustrate general properties of operations
⎯demonstrate knowledge of and use the commutative property of addition (2-M[HM/ALL]D)
⎯show that subtraction is not commutative (2-M[HM/ALL]I)
⎯apply the addition and subtraction properties of 0 (adding or subtracting 0 doesn’t change a given number) (2-M[HM/ALL]D/IT)
Analyze Change in Various Contexts
⎯describe qualitative change (e.g., a student growing taller) (2-M[HM/ALL]I/IT)
⎯describe quantitative change (e.g., a student growing 2 inches in 1 year) (2-M[HM/ALL]I/IT)
Geometry
The student will develop an understanding of geometric concepts and relationships as the basis for geometric modeling and reasoning to solve problems involving one-, two-, and three-dimensional figures.
Analyze characteristics and properties of geometric shapes
⎯identify, build, draw, and compare two- and three-dimensional geometric figures (2-M[HM/3]I/IT)
⎯describe characteristics and parts of two- and three-dimensional geometric figures (2-M[HM/3]D/IT)
⎯identify shapes that have line symmetry (2-M[HM/3]D/IT)
⎯investigate and predict the results of combining and taking apart two- and three-dimensional geometric figures (2-M[HM/3]D/IT)
⎯identify congruent figures (2-M[HM/3]D/IT)
⎯draw polygons and quadrilaterals (2-M[HM/3]I/IT)
⎯manipulate objects to create tessellations and tangrams (2-M[HM/3]I/E)
⎯create a figure of shapes from memory (2-M[HM/3]D/E)
Specify locations and describe spatial relationships
⎯identify the position of a whole number on the number line (2-M[HM/3]M/IT)
Recognize and apply flips, slides, and turns
⎯illustrate flips, slides, and turns using concrete objects and pictures(2-M[HM/3]M/M)
Measurement
The student will become familiar with the units and processes of measurement in order to use a variety of tools, techniques, and formulas to determine and to estimate measurements in mathematical and real-world problems.
Demonstrate understanding of units of measure and measurable attributes of objects
⎯compare and order objects according to length, capacity, and weight (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
⎯demonstrate understanding of the concepts of perimeter and area (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯identify what can be measured about objects in the environment (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
Apply appropriate techniques and tools to determine measurements
⎯identify time to the hour, half-hour, and quarter-hour (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
⎯relate days, dates, weeks, and months to a calendar (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
⎯explain the relationship between inches and feet (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
⎯measure length to the nearest centimeter, foot, half-inch, and inch (2-M[HM/17]D/IT)
⎯estimate lengths and time intervals (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯solve problems involving elapsed time in hours (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯measure and estimate weight and capacity using a variety of nonstandard units (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯find area and perimeter using nonstandard units (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯read thermometers with Fahrenheit and Celsius scales (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
⎯write the temperature given on a thermometer (2-M[HM/7]I/IT)
⎯recognize the difference between analog and digital clocks (2-M[HM/7]D/IT)
Data Analysis and Probability
The student will understand and apply basic statistical and probability concepts in order to organize and analyze data and to make predictions and conjectures.
Develop, select, and use appropriate methods to collect, organize, display, and analyze data
⎯pose questions and gather data to answer the questions (2-M[HM/1]I/IT)
⎯read, interpret, and construct tables using tally marks (2-M[HM/1]I/IT)
⎯construct pictographs and bar graphs (2-M[HM/4D/IT)
⎯interpret and solve problems with tables, bar graphs, and pictographs (2-M[HM/1]D/IT)
Apply basic concepts of probability
⎯predict outcomes of events based on data gathered and displayed (2-M[HM/1]I/IT)
⎯explain whether an event is likely or unlikely (2-M[HM/1]D/IT)
Graphs and Graphing
The student will make simple graphs using concrete objects and pictures.
Graphing
⎯construct pictographs and bar graphs D(2-M[HM/4D/IT)
⎯interpret and solve problems with tables, bar graphs, and pictographs (2-M[HM/1]D/IT)
⎯read, interpret, and construct tables using tally marks (2-M[HM/1]I/IT)
Real World Problem Solving
The student will gather information to compute and solve real world problems.
Story Problems
⎯solve story problems involving numbers to 100 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯develop a story problem that illustrates a given addition or subtraction number sentence (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯solve problems involving elapsed time in hours (2-M[HM/7]I)
Computation
The student will learn to compute using concrete objects.
Counting/Identifying/Matching/Ordering Numbers
⎯count a set of objects to 100 using an efficient grouping strategy (e.g., twos, threes, fives, tens) (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯count forward and backward by one from any number less than 999 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯determine the value of a collection of coins up to $1.00 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯count the value of a set of coins up to one dollar (2-M[HM/14,15]D/IT)
⎯add and subtract efficiently and accurately with single-digit numbers up to sums of 18 (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯add and subtract two-digit whole numbers using a variety of strategies and representations (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D)
⎯use the multiplication facts 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 efficiently and accurately (2-M[HM/4,8]I/IT)
⎯use a variety of strategies and representations to add and subtract two-digit whole numbers (2-M[HM/1,2,4,6,8]D/IT
⎯measure and estimate weight and capacity using a variety of nonstandard units (2-M[HM/7]I)
⎯find area and perimeter using nonstandard units (2-M[HM/7]I)
